Sex differences in susceptibility to toxic industrial chemicals.

Sex differences in susceptibility to toxic industrial chemicals.

Pharmacogenetic perspectives on susceptibility to toxic industrial chemicals.

ToxiC inhalaTional injury and ToxiC indusTrial ChemiCals

Role of the hypothalamo-pituitary-liver axis in sex differences in susceptibility of the liver to toxic agents

At birth testicular androgens irreversibly program brain centers involved in hypothalamopituitary control of hepatic sex-dependent steroid and drug metabolism. This imprinting process results in activation of a hypothalamic "feminostatin"-a secreting center that is turned on just before puberty. Feminostatin inhibits pituitary secretion of "feminizing factor," a pituitary hormone that feminizes...

Sex Differences in Susceptibility to Infection: An Evolutionary Perspective

Patterns of sex differences in parasite infection and immune responses have been noted for many decades. Although numerous explanations for such differences have been proposed, including hormonal patterns and sex-biased exposure to infective stages of pathogens, these have largely been proximate explanations that address the mechanisms immediately responsible for the findings but do not take a ...